1993.10.19《Forces between Alumina Surfaces in Salt Solutions: Non-DLVO Forces and the Implications for Colloidal Processing》
在发表于《 Journal of the American Ceramic Society 》的这项研究中，作者将表界面力学研究范式从硅酸盐体系推进至氧化铝工程陶瓷领域，首次在实验层面直接、定量揭示了氧化铝（蓝宝石）体系中超越经典 DLVO 理论框架的多种界面相互作用力，在胶体科学与陶瓷加工理论中引发了深远的理论变革。该研究依托高精度表面力仪，在纳米尺度上测量了氧化铝基面间相互作用，实验上清晰区分并确立了三类非 DLVO 相互作用：由受限界面水分子有序排列所产生、具有约 0.5 nm 特征周期的短程振荡结构力；起源于界面水化效应、且与电双层作用无关的短程单调排斥力；以及在中长程尺度上表现出的类“疏水相互作用”吸引力。这些结果首次在陶瓷体系中以直接实验证据确立了非 DLVO 相互作用的多重物理起源，突破了长期以来将界面相互作用简化为范德华力与电双层力叠加的经典认识。尤为重要的是，该工作与实际陶瓷胶体加工行为紧密联系，为高盐、低 pH 条件下氧化铝浆料所表现出的异常塑性、低黏度及高致密堆积行为提供了首个基于微观相互作用机制的统一物理解释，从根本上改写了传统以 DLVO 理论为唯一基础的胶体加工调控思路，使之成为连接界面物理与先进陶瓷加工的里程碑式工作。
第一作者：William A. Ducker；通讯作者：Jacob N. Israelachvili
In the study published in the Journal of the American Ceramic Society, the authors advanced the research paradigm of surface and interface mechanics from silicate systems to the field of alumina engineering ceramics. For the first time, they directly and quantitatively revealed multiple interfacial interaction forces in the alumina (sapphire) system that extend beyond the classical DLVO theoretical framework at the experimental level, sparking profound theoretical transformations in colloid science and ceramic processing theory. Relying on a high-precision surface force apparatus, the study measured interactions between alumina basal planes at the nanoscale, clearly distinguishing and establishing three types of non-DLVO interactions: short-range oscillatory structural forces with a characteristic period of approximately 0.5 nm, arising from the ordered arrangement of confined interfacial water molecules; short-range monotonic repulsive forces originating from interfacial hydration effects and independent of electrical double-layer interactions; and attraction resembling "hydrophobic interactions" at intermediate to long ranges. These results, for the first time in ceramic systems, established the multiple physical origins of non-DLVO interactions through direct experimental evidence, challenging the long-standing classical understanding that simplifies interfacial interactions as the superposition of van der Waals forces and electrical double-layer forces. Particularly significant is the study’s close connection to practical ceramic colloid processing behavior, providing the first unified physical explanation based on microscopic interaction mechanisms for the abnormal plasticity, low viscosity, and high-density packing behavior exhibited by alumina slurries under high-salinity and low-pH conditions. This fundamentally revises the traditional colloidal processing regulation approach solely based on DLVO theory, making the study a landmark work bridging interfacial physics and advanced ceramic processing.
First Author： William A. Ducker
Corresponding Author：Jacob N. Israelachvili